The king of instruments in Quebecois traditional music. The fiddle has been brought to New France by the first settlers — the first violins were hear at a wedding in Quebec City in 1645. Its popularity grew with the arrival of Irish and Scottish immigrants (who never go anywhere without a fiddle).

In Quebec, a fiddler is called a "violoneux" and some of the great masters are Joseph Allard, Jos Bouchard, Jean Carignan or Isidore Soucy.